Sample Preparation

The sample preparation for the analytical techniques, HPLC/LC-MS, GC/GC-MS, IC/IC-MS, ICP-OES, ICP-MS and photometry, is one of the principle items and at the same time highlight of the uncertaintyMANAGER. The user selects from over 120 predefined sample preparation steps, which are part of his analytical procedure, and adds them together with the variables of the equation of the measurand to a flow chart.

measurement procedure - operating sequence

We have already classified the characteristics of all possible analytes (elements of the periodic table) for the sample preparation of ICP-OES & ICP-MS. This is not feasible for all the other sample preparations due to their unlimited number of potential analytes. Nevertheless we have performed the classification for a large number of selected compunds.

Additional informations follow soon

HPLC/LC-MS & GC/GC-MS

The uncertaintyMANAGER contains the following sample preparation steps for the analytical techniques HPLC/LC-MS & GC/GC-MS. The steps are arrange according to the sample preparation type:

  • Sample Storage
    • Sample Storage
  • Solution
    • Solution
  • Drying
    • Drying Cabinet
    • Infrared
    • Microwave
  • Physical Techniques
    • Filtration
    • Centrifugation
    • Homogenisation
    • Grind
    • Controlled Crushing
  • Extraction
    • Soxhlet
    • SPE Solid Phase Extraction
    • SPME Solid Phase Micro Extraction
    • ASE Accelerated Solvent Extraction
    • Microwave Extraction
    • SFE Supercritical Fluid Extraktion
    • Ultrasonic Extraction
    • Purge and Trap
    • Liquid-Liquid Extraktion
      • pH
      • No pH
    • Steam Destillation
  • Cleanup
    • Silica Gel Cleanup
    • Alumina Cleanup
    • Florisil Cleanup
    • Flash Chromatography
    • GPC Gel Chromatography Cleanup
    • Acid/Base Distribution
      • Acid/Base Distribution
      • Acidic An. after Separation
  • Concentration/Dilution
    • Vacuum Rotary Evaporator (Rotavapor)
    • Kuderna-Danish Sample Concentrator
    • Dry Freezing
  • Derivatisation
    • Acylation
    • Silylation
    • Alkylation
ICP-OES & ICP-MS

The uncertaintyManager contains the following sample preparation steps for the analytical techniques ICP-OES & ICP-MS. The different steps are arrange according to the sample preparation type:

  • Sample Storage
    • Sample Storage
  • Drying
    • Infrared
    • Microwave
    • Drying Cabinet
      • Drying Cabinet
      • Vacuum Drying Cabinet
  • Physical Techniques
    • Filtration
      • Paper Filtering
      • Membrane-Filtering
    • Homogenisation
      • Dispersing
      • Knife Mill
      • Mixing Mill
    • Grind
      • Cutting Mill
      • Vibrating Mill
      • Rotor Mill
    • Centrifugation
    • Controlled Crushing
  • Decomposition
    • Open Decomposition
      • HCl
      • HCl under Reflux
      • HClO4
      • HF
      • HNO3
      • H2SO4
      • HCl - HNO3
      • HF - HNO3
      • H2SO4 - H2O2
    • Closed Decomposition
      • Microwave HNO3 - H2O2
      • Microwave HNO3 - HF
    • Melt Decomposition
      • Na2CO3
      • Dissolve Na2CO3
      • Li2CO3
      • Dissolve Li2CO3
    • Ashing
      • HPA HNO3
      • Dry Incineration
      • Dissolve Ash
  • Enrichment Techniques
    • Ion Exchange
IC/IC-MS

The uncertaintyMANAGER contains the following sample preparation steps for the analytical technique IC/IC-MS. The steps are arrange according to the sample preparation type:

  • Sample Storage
    • Sample Storage
  • Drying
    • Drying Cabinet
    • Infrared
    • Microwave
  • Physical Techniques
    • Filtration
      • Filtering
      • Membran Filtering
    • Centrifugation
    • Homogenisation
    • Grind
    • Controlled Crushing
    • Heating
  • Decompositions
    • Ashing/Combustion
  • Solution/Dilution/pH
    • Solution
      • Solution dil
      • Solution conc
    • Dilution
    • pH Setting
  • Extraction
    • Steam Distillation
    • Water Elution
  • CleanUp
    • SPE Solid Phase Extraction
    • X Vap
  • Enrichment Techniques
    • SPE Solid Phase Enrichment
  • Inline Techniques
    • Membrane Filtering Inline
    • Enrichment Inline
    • Dialysis Inline
    • Matrix-Neutralisation Inline
  • Chemical Modification
    • Oxidation
    • Reduction
    • Complexation
Photometry

The uncertaintyMANAGER contains the following sample preparation steps for the analytical technique Photometry. The steps are arrange according to the sample preparation type:

  • Sample Storage
    • Sample Storage
  • Drying
    • Drying Cabinet
    • Infrared
    • Microwave
  • Physical Techniques
    • Filtration
      • Filtering
      • Membran Filtering
    • Centrifugation
    • Homogenisation
    • Grind
    • Controlled Crushing
    • Heating
    • Open Evaporation
  • Decompositions
    • Open Decomposition
  • Solution/Dilution/pH
    • Solution
      • Solution dil
      • Solution conc
    • Dilution
    • pH Setting
  • Extraction
    • Water Elution
    • Liquid-Liquid Extraction
      • pH
      • No pH
    • Steam Distillation
  • CleanUp
    • Me Vap
    • X Vap
    • Liquid-Liquid Extraction
      • pH
      • No pH
  • Concentration
    • Vacuum Rotary Evaporation
    • Liquid-Liquid Extraction
      • pH
      • No pH
    • SPE Solid Phase Enrichment
  • Chemical Modification
    • Colour - forming
    • Oxidation
    • Reduction
    • Complexation

Each sample preparation step, which was inserted in that way, contains various informations, like the cause and effect-diagram with different influence quantities (uncertainty sources) and their quantification, which is based on the characteristics of the analyte.

Cause and effect diagramm of a sample preparation step